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Benign Tumors

Information about the influence of A-bomb radiation on non-malignant, or benign, tumors comes mostly from research in the clinical Adult Health Study (AHS). Studies have been conducted with respect to benign thyroid, parathyroid, salivary gland and uterine tumors, and gastric polyps. In each case, a relationship to radiation dose was seen. In contrast, no clear excess of pathologically-confirmed benign ovarian tumors was seen except for sex-cord stromal tumors. Figure 1 shows a distinct radiation dose response relationship for benign uterine tumors. The relative risk value at 1 Gy is 1.5 (95% confidence interval: 1.27-1.70).

 

Figure 1. Relative risk by radiation dose for uterine myomata, AHS, 1958-1998. The dotted lines indicate 95% confidence bounds.

Figure 2 shows AHS prevalence data for hyperparathyroidism (caused mainly by benign parathyroid tumors) in relation to radiation exposure and age ATB. The prevalence at a 1-Gy tissue dose for all cases combined was four times greater than for controls (95% confidence interval: 1.7-14.0). The prevalence increase was particularly marked for persons who were children ATB.

 

Figure 2. Prevalence of hyperparathyroidism, AHS, at 1 Gy radiation dose, by age ATB

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• Imaizumi M, Usa T, et al.: Radiation dose-response relationship for thyroid nodules and autoimmune thyroid diseases in Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors 55-58 years after radiation exposure. JAMA 2006; 295:1011-22
• Yamada M, Wong FL, et al.: Noncancer disease incidence in atomic bombs survivors, 1958-1998. Radiation Research 2004; 161:622-32
• Inai K, Shimizu Y, et al.: A pathology study of malignant and benign ovarian tumors among atomic-bomb survivors--case series report. Journal of Radiation Research (Tokyo) 2006; 47:49-59
• Fujiwara S, Sposto R, et al.: Hyperparathyroidism among atomic-bomb survivors in Hiroshima. Radiation Research 1992; 130:372-8
• Ron E, Wong FL, Mabuchi K: Incidence of benign gastrointestinal tumors among atomic-bomb survivors. American Journal of Epidemiology 1995; 142:68-75
• Kawamura S, Kasagi F, et al.: Prevalence of uterine myoma detected by ultrasound examination in the atomic bomb survivors. Radiation Research 1997; 147:753-8.

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